Two major approaches to development, both predicated on the requirements of capital, have been projected in the literature on development since World War II. The dominant paradigm for the first 20 years or so was generated mainly from the developed, parliamentary democracies of Western Europe and North America and it embraced models of development, including models of mass media in development, that were perceived to be synonymous with modernization.

A broad-ranging critique on the nature as well as the pace of capitalist development, with profound implications for the study of media and development, began to signal the equivalent of a paradigmatic shift in the 1960s and 1970s. Capitalist development was increasingly perceived to be synonymous with dependency -- a potentially fatal vision of development.

This monograph is divided into four parts:

Part I outlines the paradigm of development as modernization.

Part II outlines some major themes in the history of the debate over capitalist development in the developing world.

Part III outlines the paradigm of development as dependency.

Part IV employs a number of assumptions in dependency theory in attempting to construct a framework for studying the role of mass media in the developing world.

These two perspectives on development -- modernization and dependency -- are interpreted primarily with reference to economics, politics, culture and

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